نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية
المؤلف
خرّيج الحوزة العلميّة بقم؛ حاصل علی شهادة الدكتوراه في العلوم السياسيّة، وباحث رسميّ في قسم تفسير القرآن، معهد أبحاث العلوم والفكر السياسيّ، المعهد العالي للعلوم والثقافة الإسلامية، قم، إيران.
المستخلص
الكلمات الرئيسية
عنوان المقالة [English]
المؤلف [English]
Objective: The theory of the 250-Year Human, formulated by Martyr Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei, is not merely a historical narrative but a theoretical framework with profound civilizational and Qur'anic implications. This study aims to explain the relationship between this theory and the six divine traditions of the Qur'an—trial (ibtilāʾ), succession (istikhlāf), divine support (naṣr), respite (imhāl), gradual entrapment (istidrāj), and deferred reprieve (imlāʾ)—as immutable laws governing history, and to examine their role in the construction of a new Islamic civilization. The central question is how the model of the 250-Year Human can serve as the foundation for a process of civilization-building rooted in the recurring divine traditions of the Qur'an without falling into historical determinism or being reduced to a merely descriptive framework.
Method: This research employs a descriptive-analytical method based on Qur'anic verses, the statements of the martyred Leader, contemporary Qur'anic commentaries (al-Mīzān and Tasnīm), and an inductive thematic analysis of his speeches. The analytical process proceeded in three main stages: (1) extracting the divine traditions related to civilization-building from the Qur'an; (2) identifying the eight stages of the 250-Year Human model through thematic analysis of the Leader's statements; and (3) examining the relationship between these two components in order to formulate a theoretical model.
Major Findings: The findings indicate that the 250-Year Human represents the practical embodiment of the six divine traditions through continuous resistance against tyranny. However, this embodiment results from conscious and voluntary action rather than inevitable historical determinism. This movement began with the Prophet's exemplary system, characterized by seven foundational principles—faith, justice, knowledge, brotherhood, morality, dignity, and productive work. It continued through Imam Ali's strategic silence and Imam Hasan's prudent peace, reached its climax at Karbala through the role of Lady Zaynab (peace be upon her), and was sustained through scholarly networks and the institution of deputyship during the era of Imam al-Baqir and Imam al-Sadiq, extending into the period of the Occultation. In response to the criticism that the theory may imply historical determinism, the article argues that strategic unity signifies a shared ultimate objective rather than uniform methods. The diversity of the eight strategic approaches—from peace to uprising—clearly demonstrates the agency and free will of historical actors operating within the framework of divine traditions. Furthermore, the seven principles of the Prophetic system are correlated with practical civilizational domains such as the resistance economy (justice), indigenous scientific development (knowledge), and the Islamic-Iranian model of progress (work and dynamism), thereby extending the theory from the conceptual level to practical application.
Conclusion
The study derives a three-dimensional theoretical model of civilization-building consisting of: (1) the spiritual-identity dimension, (2) social networking and institution-building, and (3) capacity-building for the advent of the promised future. Within this framework, the Islamic Revolution is presented as one link in the same historical chain and as a preparatory stage for the emergence of a new Islamic civilization. The study concludes that Qur'an-based civilization-building is impossible without a profound understanding of both the divine traditions and the theory of the 250-Year Human, interpreted through a critical and non-deterministic perspective. This theory highlights active patience, continuous Imamate, and the collective will of the Muslim community in realizing the Qur'anic promise of succession (istikhlāf).
الكلمات الرئيسية [English]
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